Recognizing and Dealing with Alcohol Dependence: Identifying the Symptoms and Tackling the Issue Head-On
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), also known as alcohol addiction, is a condition that affects millions worldwide. Unlike the frequency of drinking, AUD is more about how alcohol impacts an individual's life, health, and ability to function day-to-day.
Behavioral and Psychological Signs
Indications of AUD can be seen in behavioral and psychological changes. These may include drinking larger amounts or over a longer period than intended, persistent desire or unsuccessful attempts to cut down or control drinking, and prioritizing alcohol over responsibilities or personal goals.
Other signs include drinking alone or in secret, making excuses or becoming defensive about drinking, and feeling guilty, anxious, or depressed about drinking habits. Binge drinking regularly and experiencing blackouts or memory lapses after drinking are also red flags.
Physical and Physiological Signs
Physical and physiological changes are also common in AUD. Developing a tolerance, where more alcohol is needed to achieve the same effects, is a key sign. Withdrawal symptoms, such as tremors, sweating, nausea, insomnia, mood swings, and seizures, may also occur when not drinking.
In severe cases, delirium tremens - a potentially life-threatening condition involving shaking, confusion, hallucination, and seizures - can occur during withdrawal.
Impact on Life and Functioning
AUD can significantly impact an individual's life and functioning. This may include failing to fulfill major obligations at work, school, or home, and continuing to use alcohol despite knowledge of physical or psychological harm. Using alcohol in physically hazardous situations is another concerning sign.
Seeking Help
If you find yourself turning to alcohol to manage stress or escape from difficult emotions, struggling to cut back, or if friends or family have raised concerns, it's recommended to seek help. Alcohol addiction treatment often requires medical supervision, especially to handle withdrawal safely.
[1] National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. (2020). Alcohol Use Disorder. Retrieved from https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohol-health/overview-alcohol-consumption/alcohol-use-disorders
[2] World Health Organization. (2021). Alcohol use disorders. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/alcohol-use-disorders
[3] Mayo Clinic. (2021). Alcohol use disorder. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/alcohol-use-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20367535
[4] American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
[5] Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2015). TIP 45: Detoxification and Substance Abuse Treatment. Retrieved from https://store.samhsa.gov/product/TIP-45-Detoxification-and-Substance-Abuse-Treatment/SMA15-4131
Psychology plays a crucial role in understanding Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), as behavioral and psychological changes often indicate its presence. These signs can include a persistent desire to drink, prioritizing alcohol over personal goals, and experiencing guilt, anxiety, or depression related to drinking habits.
Seeking help is essential for managing AUD, and therapy is a critical component. Mental health professionals can provide guidance on recovery and help individuals develop coping strategies for stress and difficult emotions, thus improving their overall mental health and wellness.
Furthermore, schooling on the science of AUD is vital for understanding its impact on relationships. By educating oneself about the physiological effects of alcohol on the brain, individuals can learn how IUD can negatively influence decision-making, leading to strained personal relationships and an inability to function optimally in daily life.
