G6PD Test: A Crucial Blood Exam for At-Risk Populations
A G6PD test is a crucial blood examination that assesses the levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), a vital enzyme in red blood cells (RBCs). This test is particularly important for individuals of African, Asian, or Mediterranean descent, as they are more likely to have G6PD deficiency, a condition that can lead to hemolytic anemia.
G6PD deficiency can cause RBCs to break down, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, pale skin, and jaundice. These episodes can be triggered by infections, certain medications, or even eating fava beans. A G6PD test is usually ordered after other causes of anemia and jaundice have been ruled out and once a hemolytic episode has subsided.
The test involves a simple blood draw, typically performed by a healthcare professional or a clinical laboratory. However, it carries some risks, including hematoma, excessive bleeding, fainting, and infection at the site of needle puncture. Normal G6PD levels range from 8.8 to 13.4 units per gram of hemoglobin (U/gHb) for individuals aged one year and older.
If you experience symptoms such as enlarged spleen, fainting, rapid heart rate, or red or brown urine, consult your healthcare provider. They may order a G6PD test to rule out G6PD deficiency. Early diagnosis and management can prevent severe complications and improve overall health.
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